Practice Free CTFL_SYLL_4.0 Exam Online Questions
Question #31
Which of the following statements about static testing and dynamic testing is true?
- A . Unlike dynamic testing, which can be also performed manually, static testing cannot be performed without specialized tools
- B . Static testing is usually much less cost-effective than dynamic testing
- C . Unlike dynamic testing, which focuses on detecting potential defects, static testing focuses on detecting failures which may be due to actual defects
- D . Both static testing and dynamic testing can be used to highlight issues associated with non-functional characteristics
Correct Answer: D
D
Explanation:
This answer is correct because static testing and dynamic testing are both types of testing that can be used to highlight issues associated with non-functional characteristics, such as usability, performance, security, reliability, etc. Static testing is a type of testing that involves the analysis of software work products, such as requirements, design, code, or test cases, without executing them. Dynamic testing is a type of testing that involves the execution of software work products, such as code or test cases, using inputs and verifying outputs. Both static testing and dynamic testing can be applied to different test levels and test types, and can use different test techniques and tools, to evaluate the non-functional characteristics of the software product.
Reference: ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms v4.0, ISTQB Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Section 2.2.1.1, Section 2.2.1.2
D
Explanation:
This answer is correct because static testing and dynamic testing are both types of testing that can be used to highlight issues associated with non-functional characteristics, such as usability, performance, security, reliability, etc. Static testing is a type of testing that involves the analysis of software work products, such as requirements, design, code, or test cases, without executing them. Dynamic testing is a type of testing that involves the execution of software work products, such as code or test cases, using inputs and verifying outputs. Both static testing and dynamic testing can be applied to different test levels and test types, and can use different test techniques and tools, to evaluate the non-functional characteristics of the software product.
Reference: ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms v4.0, ISTQB Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Section 2.2.1.1, Section 2.2.1.2
Question #32
Pariksha labs is a mature software testing company. They are TMMi level 5 certified. Their testing processes are well defined.
Which ONE of the following statements is likely to be CORRECT about them?
- A . The company uses same test strategy for all the projects doing minor changes based on test manager responsible for the project because their test strategy template is very mature and do not need to change
- B . The question about the test design techniques to be used is determined based on various factors such as the domain and expectations of the stakeholders
- C . Same set of testing processes are used by them without needing any tweaks because that is the hallmark of a mature testing company.
- D . They try to perform 100% automation for every project because automation is a must for efficiency
Correct Answer: B
B
Explanation:
A mature software testing company, especially one certified at TMMi level 5, is expected to have well-defined and adaptable processes. These companies recognize that test design techniques should be chosen based on the specific context of the project, including the domain and stakeholder expectations, rather than using a one-size-fits-all approach. This ensures that the testing is effective and aligned with project requirements.
Reference: ISTQB CTFL Syllabus V4.0, Section 5.1 on test design techniques and their selection based on context.
B
Explanation:
A mature software testing company, especially one certified at TMMi level 5, is expected to have well-defined and adaptable processes. These companies recognize that test design techniques should be chosen based on the specific context of the project, including the domain and stakeholder expectations, rather than using a one-size-fits-all approach. This ensures that the testing is effective and aligned with project requirements.
Reference: ISTQB CTFL Syllabus V4.0, Section 5.1 on test design techniques and their selection based on context.
Question #33
Which of the following statements is true?
- A . Functional testing focuses on what the system should do while non-functional testing on the internal structure of the system
- B . Non-functional testing includes testing of both technical and non-technical quality characteristics
- C . Testers who perform functional tests are generally expected to have more technical skills than testers who perform non-functional tests
- D . The test techniques that can be used to design white-box tests are described in the ISO/IEC 25010 standard
Correct Answer: B
B
Explanation:
Non-functional testing includes testing of both technical and non-technical quality characteristics. Non-functional testing is the process of testing the quality attributes of a system, such as performance, usability, security, reliability, etc. Non-functional testing can be applied at any test level and can use both black-box and white-box test techniques. Non-functional testing can cover both technical aspects, such as response time, throughput, resource consumption, etc., and non-technical aspects, such as user satisfaction, accessibility, compliance, etc. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.
Reference: ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.01, Section 1.3.1, page 13; ISTQB® Glossary v4.02, page 40.
B
Explanation:
Non-functional testing includes testing of both technical and non-technical quality characteristics. Non-functional testing is the process of testing the quality attributes of a system, such as performance, usability, security, reliability, etc. Non-functional testing can be applied at any test level and can use both black-box and white-box test techniques. Non-functional testing can cover both technical aspects, such as response time, throughput, resource consumption, etc., and non-technical aspects, such as user satisfaction, accessibility, compliance, etc. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.
Reference: ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.01, Section 1.3.1, page 13; ISTQB® Glossary v4.02, page 40.
Question #33
Which of the following statements is true?
- A . Functional testing focuses on what the system should do while non-functional testing on the internal structure of the system
- B . Non-functional testing includes testing of both technical and non-technical quality characteristics
- C . Testers who perform functional tests are generally expected to have more technical skills than testers who perform non-functional tests
- D . The test techniques that can be used to design white-box tests are described in the ISO/IEC 25010 standard
Correct Answer: B
B
Explanation:
Non-functional testing includes testing of both technical and non-technical quality characteristics. Non-functional testing is the process of testing the quality attributes of a system, such as performance, usability, security, reliability, etc. Non-functional testing can be applied at any test level and can use both black-box and white-box test techniques. Non-functional testing can cover both technical aspects, such as response time, throughput, resource consumption, etc., and non-technical aspects, such as user satisfaction, accessibility, compliance, etc. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.
Reference: ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.01, Section 1.3.1, page 13; ISTQB® Glossary v4.02, page 40.
B
Explanation:
Non-functional testing includes testing of both technical and non-technical quality characteristics. Non-functional testing is the process of testing the quality attributes of a system, such as performance, usability, security, reliability, etc. Non-functional testing can be applied at any test level and can use both black-box and white-box test techniques. Non-functional testing can cover both technical aspects, such as response time, throughput, resource consumption, etc., and non-technical aspects, such as user satisfaction, accessibility, compliance, etc. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.
Reference: ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.01, Section 1.3.1, page 13; ISTQB® Glossary v4.02, page 40.
Question #35
Which of the following examples represents System Integration testing?
- A . Testing if e-commerce website works correctly with a third-party payment gateway
- B . Testing the system based on specifications using simulator for a sub-system
- C . Testing an application in development environment which is similar to the production environment
- D . Testing an application’s behaviour to check if it fulfils business needs
Correct Answer: A
A
Explanation:
System Integration Testing (SIT) involves testing the interactions between different systems or components. Testing an e-commerce website’s integration with a third-party payment gateway is an example of SIT, as it checks the correct functioning of the integrated systems. This ensures that the e-commerce platform can successfully interact with external systems to process payments.
Reference: ISTQB CTFL Syllabus V4.0, Section 2.2.2 on system integration testing.
A
Explanation:
System Integration Testing (SIT) involves testing the interactions between different systems or components. Testing an e-commerce website’s integration with a third-party payment gateway is an example of SIT, as it checks the correct functioning of the integrated systems. This ensures that the e-commerce platform can successfully interact with external systems to process payments.
Reference: ISTQB CTFL Syllabus V4.0, Section 2.2.2 on system integration testing.
Question #36
Which of the following statements about the test pyramid is true?
- A . Each layer of the test pyramid groups tests related to a single non-functional quality characteristic
- B . The higher the layer of the test pyramid, the more production code a single automated test within the layer tends to cover
- C . The higher the layer of the test pyramid, the more maintainable a single automated test within the layer tends to be
- D . The higher the layer of the test pyramid, the more isolated a single automated test within the layer tends to be
Correct Answer: B
B
Explanation:
The test pyramid is a concept that illustrates the different levels of testing and their relative quantities. The pyramid suggests that there should be more low-level unit tests than high-level end-to-end tests. As you move up the pyramid, the scope of each test increases, meaning each higher level test typically covers more of the production code.
Unit Tests: Form the base of the pyramid and cover individual units of code. They are numerous because they are quick to write and execute.
Service/Integration Tests: Sit in the middle of the pyramid and cover interactions between integrated units or services.
UI/End-to-End Tests: At the top of the pyramid, these tests cover entire workflows and user interactions, making them fewer in number due to their complexity and execution time.
Option B accurately describes that the higher the layer of the test pyramid, the more production code a single automated test tends to cover because these higher-level tests involve broader functionalities and interactions compared to unit tests.
B
Explanation:
The test pyramid is a concept that illustrates the different levels of testing and their relative quantities. The pyramid suggests that there should be more low-level unit tests than high-level end-to-end tests. As you move up the pyramid, the scope of each test increases, meaning each higher level test typically covers more of the production code.
Unit Tests: Form the base of the pyramid and cover individual units of code. They are numerous because they are quick to write and execute.
Service/Integration Tests: Sit in the middle of the pyramid and cover interactions between integrated units or services.
UI/End-to-End Tests: At the top of the pyramid, these tests cover entire workflows and user interactions, making them fewer in number due to their complexity and execution time.
Option B accurately describes that the higher the layer of the test pyramid, the more production code a single automated test tends to cover because these higher-level tests involve broader functionalities and interactions compared to unit tests.
Question #37
You are a test manager responsible for implementing risk-based testing in your organization which deals with software in the healthcare domain. You are writing a handbook of various product risk mitigation options.
Which ONE of the following options correctly represent the correct mitigation options?
- A . Choosing a tool for automated unit testing to reduce the risks
- B . Using a third party testing company to transfer the risk to that company
- C . Selecting a tester with required knowledge related to compliance and standards
- D . Increasing the number of testers to be able to take care of all the risks
Correct Answer: C
C
Explanation:
Selecting a tester with the required knowledge related to compliance and standards is a correct mitigation option, especially in a highly regulated domain like healthcare. This approach ensures that the tester understands the specific regulatory requirements and standards applicable to the software, thereby reducing the risk of non-compliance. This is more effective than just increasing the number of testers, as it directly addresses the knowledge and expertise needed to mitigate specific product risks.
C
Explanation:
Selecting a tester with the required knowledge related to compliance and standards is a correct mitigation option, especially in a highly regulated domain like healthcare. This approach ensures that the tester understands the specific regulatory requirements and standards applicable to the software, thereby reducing the risk of non-compliance. This is more effective than just increasing the number of testers, as it directly addresses the knowledge and expertise needed to mitigate specific product risks.
Question #38
A test manager decided to skip static testing since he believes bugs can be found easily by doing dynamic testing.
Was this decision right or wrong?
- A . The decision was wrong. Ensuring quality mandates that static testing is performed after performing the dynamic testing.
- B . The decision was right. Static testing is usually redundant if a product is planned to go through a full-cycle of dynamic testing.
- C . The decision was right. Most of the bugs are easier to identify during the dynamic testing.
- D . The decision was wrong. Static testing can find defects early in the development process, reducing the overall cost of testing and development
Correct Answer: D
D
Explanation:
Static testing is a form of testing that does not involve executing the software or system under test. It includes activities such as reviews, inspections, walkthroughs, and analysis of documents, code, and models. Static testing can find defects early in the development process, before they become more expensive and difficult to fix in later stages. Static testing can also improve the quality of the software or system by preventing defects from being introduced in the first place. Static testing can complement dynamic testing, which involves executing the software or system under test and checking the results against expected outcomes. Dynamic testing can find defects that static testing may miss, such as performance, usability, or integration issues. However, dynamic testing alone is not sufficient to ensure quality, as it may not cover all possible scenarios, inputs, or paths. Therefore, a test manager who decides to skip static testing is making a wrong decision, as he or she is ignoring the benefits of static testing and relying solely on dynamic testing, which may not be effective or efficient enough to find and prevent defects.
Reference = ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus, Version 4.0, 2018, Section 2.1.1, page 14; ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms, Version 4.0, 2018, page 36; ISTQB CTFL 4.0 – Sample Exam – Answers, Version 1.1, 2023, Question 3, page 9.
D
Explanation:
Static testing is a form of testing that does not involve executing the software or system under test. It includes activities such as reviews, inspections, walkthroughs, and analysis of documents, code, and models. Static testing can find defects early in the development process, before they become more expensive and difficult to fix in later stages. Static testing can also improve the quality of the software or system by preventing defects from being introduced in the first place. Static testing can complement dynamic testing, which involves executing the software or system under test and checking the results against expected outcomes. Dynamic testing can find defects that static testing may miss, such as performance, usability, or integration issues. However, dynamic testing alone is not sufficient to ensure quality, as it may not cover all possible scenarios, inputs, or paths. Therefore, a test manager who decides to skip static testing is making a wrong decision, as he or she is ignoring the benefits of static testing and relying solely on dynamic testing, which may not be effective or efficient enough to find and prevent defects.
Reference = ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus, Version 4.0, 2018, Section 2.1.1, page 14; ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms, Version 4.0, 2018, page 36; ISTQB CTFL 4.0 – Sample Exam – Answers, Version 1.1, 2023, Question 3, page 9.
Question #39
Which of the following is a factor that contributes to a successful review?
- A . All participants to the review will be evaluated based on the defects they will find
- B . The author of the work product to be reviewed leads the review meeting
- C . All participants to the review are trained to deal with the review type and its objectives
- D . Review metrics must be collected to improve the review process
Correct Answer: C
C
Explanation:
A factor that contributes to a successful review is ensuring that all participants are trained to understand the review type and its objectives. This training helps participants to effectively contribute to the review process, identify issues, and suggest improvements. Proper training also fosters a constructive and collaborative review environment.
C
Explanation:
A factor that contributes to a successful review is ensuring that all participants are trained to understand the review type and its objectives. This training helps participants to effectively contribute to the review process, identify issues, and suggest improvements. Proper training also fosters a constructive and collaborative review environment.
Question #40
Consider an estimation session where a six-member Agile team (Memb1, … , Memb6) is performing a planning poker session to estimate a user story (in story points). Team
members are using a set of cards with the following values: 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21.
Below is the outcome produced by the first round of estimation for this session:
Which of the following answers best describes how the estimation session should proceed?
- A . The final estimate of the user story in story points is determined as the arithmetic mean of all the estimates made by the team members during this first round, without the need to perform further rounds of estimation
- B . The final estimation of the user story in story points is determined as the most frequent estimate value among those selected by the team members (in this case 3 story points chosen by Memb1, Memb2, Memb3, Memb5) during this first round, without the need to perform further rounds of estimation
- C . The final estimate of the user story in story points is determined as the arithmetic mean of the most optimistic estimate (chosen by Memb6) and the most pessimistic estimate (chosen by Memb4) during this first round, without the need to perform further rounds of estimation
- D . Memb4 and Memb6, which have produced the most pessimistic and the most optimistic estimates respectively, should explain the reasons of their choices to stimulate a discussion between all team members before to proceed to another round of estimation
Correct Answer: D
D
Explanation:
In Agile estimation sessions, particularly during Planning Poker, the goal is to reach a consensus on the effort required for a user story. The process encourages discussion and collaboration among team members to understand the story’s requirements and complexities fully.
Here’s a breakdown of the options and why D is the correct choice:
Option A: Calculating the arithmetic mean of all estimates.
This method is straightforward but does not facilitate team discussion or consensus-building. It merely averages out the estimates without addressing the reasons behind the varying estimates. Thus, important insights and understanding of the task complexity might be missed.
Option B: Selecting the most frequent estimate value.
While this approach acknowledges the majority’s opinion, it ignores the minority views, which might highlight significant aspects of the story that need consideration. It doesn’t ensure that all perspectives are considered and discussed.
Option C: Calculating the mean of the most optimistic and pessimistic estimates.
This approach considers the extremes but again lacks the team discussion and consensus aspect. It also assumes that the extreme values alone can balance out the estimate, which might not always capture the true complexity or simplicity of the task.
Option D: Discussing the most pessimistic and optimistic estimates.
This approach fosters team collaboration and understanding. Memb4 and Memb6 explain their reasoning for the highest and lowest estimates, respectively, which can reveal different perspectives on the task’s complexity. This discussion helps the team align their understanding and often leads to a more accurate and agreed-upon estimate in subsequent rounds.
In conclusion, the main goal of Agile estimation techniques like Planning Poker is to encourage team communication and collaboration to ensure that all aspects of the user story are considered.
Option D best aligns with this goal by promoting discussion and consensus.
D
Explanation:
In Agile estimation sessions, particularly during Planning Poker, the goal is to reach a consensus on the effort required for a user story. The process encourages discussion and collaboration among team members to understand the story’s requirements and complexities fully.
Here’s a breakdown of the options and why D is the correct choice:
Option A: Calculating the arithmetic mean of all estimates.
This method is straightforward but does not facilitate team discussion or consensus-building. It merely averages out the estimates without addressing the reasons behind the varying estimates. Thus, important insights and understanding of the task complexity might be missed.
Option B: Selecting the most frequent estimate value.
While this approach acknowledges the majority’s opinion, it ignores the minority views, which might highlight significant aspects of the story that need consideration. It doesn’t ensure that all perspectives are considered and discussed.
Option C: Calculating the mean of the most optimistic and pessimistic estimates.
This approach considers the extremes but again lacks the team discussion and consensus aspect. It also assumes that the extreme values alone can balance out the estimate, which might not always capture the true complexity or simplicity of the task.
Option D: Discussing the most pessimistic and optimistic estimates.
This approach fosters team collaboration and understanding. Memb4 and Memb6 explain their reasoning for the highest and lowest estimates, respectively, which can reveal different perspectives on the task’s complexity. This discussion helps the team align their understanding and often leads to a more accurate and agreed-upon estimate in subsequent rounds.
In conclusion, the main goal of Agile estimation techniques like Planning Poker is to encourage team communication and collaboration to ensure that all aspects of the user story are considered.
Option D best aligns with this goal by promoting discussion and consensus.